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Innovations in magnetic hard disk drive design
have continually increased storage capacity, principally
by increasing areal density. Application of advanced
read/write elements including giant magnetoresistive
heads, have allowed areal densities to exceed
17 Gbits/sq. in.(17 billion bits per square inch
of disk surface). To achieve ever-increasing densities,
the laws of magnetic recording physics require
ever decreasing head-to-disk spacing, which can
be achieved only with a virtually perfect, ultra-smooth
disk. Previously, most drives operated in a CSS
(contact stop-start) mode, in which heads come
to rest on the disk surface when the disk rotation
stops. During start-up, the heads could slide,
in contact, over the disk surface until the disks
are spinning sufficiently fast to achieve the
required flying height. In order to prevent adhesion
of the heads to a smooth disk surface which could
affect drive spin-up, disk surfaces are textured
(roughened in a precision process). Texturing
is performed either uniformly over the entire
disk surface, or locally in a specific zone at
the inner diameter of the disk dedicated for starting
and stopping. While these techniques have been
successful in the past, today's higher areal density
designs require a level of disk surface perfection
beyond the texturing need to support CSS operation.
The Travelstar 4GT and Travelstar 5GS products
are the first 2.5 inch form factor Hitachi drives
to use load-unload. In these drives, a ramp-type
load-unload mechanism is employed to lift the
heads from each disk surface as the actuator travels
beyond the disk outer diameter (OD), parking the
heads outside of the disk stack. At the end of
each head/suspension assembly is a lift tab which
engages a ramp, an inclined cam-like surface positioned
at the disk OD. To prevent disk surface contact
during loading, descent speed of the heads is
controlled.
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